§ 1223 Holding period of property

OLRC 119-134 · eCFR 2026-10-19 · 2 regs · 16 amending Acts · cited by 12 sections

Enacted 1954 · Act Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736 Amended · 16 Acts · From 1939 Code § 117(h)

19541962197019761978198019831984198819891997199820002004200520142018(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) [(6) (7) [(8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) Cross reference.—
Connections Cited by 12 · Cites 17
§ 1223 Holding period of property
§ 1.1223-1 Determination of period for which capital assets are held.§ 1.1223-3 Rules relating to the holding periods of partnership interests.
Amended 1997, 2000, 2004, 2005
  • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
  • 2004 Pub. L. 108-357 Pub. L. 108–357 redesignated pars. (11) to (17) as (10) to (16), respectively, and struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held trust certificates of a trust to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, or the period for which the taxpayer has held stock in a corporation to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, there shall be included the period for which the trust or corporation (as the case may be) held the stock of foreign investment companies.”
  • 2000 Pub. L. 106-554 Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(7) [title IV, § 401(h)(1)], added par. (16) and redesignated former par. (16) as (17).
  • 1997 Pub. L. 105-34 Pub. L. 105–34, § 313(b)(2), added par. (15) and redesignated former par. (15) as (16).

Cases: Cabax Mills v. Commissioner, 59 T.C. 401 (1972)

Final rules 4

    For purposes of this subtitle—

    (1) In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held property received in an exchange, there shall be included the period for which he held the property exchanged if, under this chapter, the property has, for the purpose of determining gain or loss from a sale or exchange, the same basis in whole or in part in his hands as the property exchanged, and, in the case of such exchanges the property exchanged at the time of such exchange was a capital asset as defined in section 1221 or property described in section 1231. For purposes of this paragraph—

    Amended 2014
    • 2014 Pub. L. 113-295 Pub. L. 113–295, § 221(a)(80)(A), struck out “after March 1, 1954,” after “such exchanges” in introductory provisions.
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    Cited by 16

      (A) an involuntary conversion described in section 1033 shall be considered an exchange of the property converted for the property acquired, and

      Research 1

      (B) a distribution to which section 355 (or so much of section 356 as relates to section 355) applies shall be treated as an exchange.

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        (2) In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held property however acquired there shall be included the period for which such property was held by any other person, if under this chapter such property has, for the purpose of determining gain or loss from a sale or exchange, the same basis in whole or in part in his hands as it would have in the hands of such other person.

        (3) In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities the acquisition of which (or the contract or option to acquire which) resulted in the nondeductibility (under section 1091 relating to wash sales) of the loss from the sale or other disposition of substantially identical stock or securities, there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities the loss from the sale or other disposition of which was not deductible.

        Amended 2005
        • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
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          (4) In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or rights to acquire stock received on a distribution, if the basis of such stock or rights is determined under section 307, there shall (under regulations prescribed by the Secretary) be included the period for which he held the stock in the distributing corporation before the receipt of such stock or rights upon such distribution.

          Amended 2005, 2014
          • 2014 Pub. L. 113-295 Pub. L. 113–295, § 221(a)(80)(B), struck out “(or under so much of section 1052(c) as refers to section 113(a)(23) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939)” after “section 307”. Amendment was executed to reflect the probable intent of Congress notwithstanding a second set of quotation marks around the text directed to be stricken.
          • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
          Research 1
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            (5) In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities acquired from a corporation by the exercise of rights to acquire such stock or securities, there shall be included only the period beginning with the date on which the right to acquire was exercised.

            Amended 1976, 2005
            • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
            • 1976 Pub. L. 94-455 Pub. L. 94–455, § 1906(b)(13)(A), struck out “or his delegate” after “Secretary”.
            Research 1

            [(6) Repealed. Pub. L. 113–295, div. A, title II, § 221(a)(80)(C), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 4049.]

            Amended 2005, 2014
            • 2014 Pub. L. 113-295 Pub. L. 113–295, § 221(a)(80)(C), struck out par. (6) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held a residence, the acquisition of which resulted under section 1034 (as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997) in the nonrecognition of any part of the gain realized on the sale or exchange of another residence, there shall be included the period for which such other residence had been held as of the date of such sale or exchange. For purposes of this paragraph, the term ‘sale or exchange’ includes an involuntary conversion occurring after December 31, 1950, and before January 1, 1954.”
            • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
            Research 1
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              (7) In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held a commodity acquired in satisfaction of a commodity futures contract (other than a commodity futures contract to which section 1256 applies) there shall be included the period for which he held the commodity futures contract if such commodity futures contract was a capital asset in his hands.

              Amended 1997, 2005
              • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
              • 1997 Pub. L. 105-34 Pub. L. 105–34, § 312(d)(9), inserted “(as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997)” after “section 1034”.
              Research 1
              Cited by 1

                [(8) Repealed. Pub. L. 113–295, div. A, title II, § 221(a)(80)(C), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 4049.]

                Amended 1983, 2005, 2014
                • 2014 Pub. L. 113-295 Pub. L. 113–295, § 221(a)(80)(C), struck out par. (8) which read as follows: “Any reference in this section to a provision of this title shall, where applicable, be deemed a reference to the corresponding provision of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, or prior internal revenue laws.”
                • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
                • 1983 Pub. L. 97-448 Pub. L. 97–448, § 105(c)(4), inserted “(other than a commodity futures contract to which section 1256 applies)” after “acquired in satisfaction of a commodity futures contract”.
                Research 1

                (9) In the case of a person acquiring property from a decedent or to whom property passed from a decedent (within the meaning of section 1014(b)), if—

                “In the case of a person acquiring property from a decedent or to whom property passed from a decedent (within the meaning of section 1014(b)),” Opening words
                Textual readingALL OF= property considered held over 1 year

                (A) the basis of such property in the hands of such person is determined under section 1014, and

                (B) such property is sold or otherwise disposed of by such person within 1 year after the decedent’s death,

                then such person shall be considered to have held such property for more than 1 year.

                Amended 2005
                • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
                Research 1

                (10) If—

                Textual readingALL OF= property held more than 1 year

                (A) property is acquired by any person in a transfer to which section 1040 applies,

                (B) such property is sold or otherwise disposed of by such person within 1 year after the decedent’s death, and

                (C) such sale or disposition is to a person who is a qualified heir (as defined in section 2032A(e)(1)) with respect to the decedent,

                then the person making such sale or other disposition shall be considered to have held such property for more than 1 year.

                Amended 1962, 2004, 2005
                • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
                • 2004 Pub. L. 108-357 Pub. L. 108–357 redesignated pars. (11) to (17) as (10) to (16), respectively, and struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held trust certificates of a trust to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, or the period for which the taxpayer has held stock in a corporation to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, there shall be included the period for which the trust or corporation (as the case may be) held the stock of foreign investment companies.”
                • 1962 Pub. L. 87-834 Pub. L. 87–834 added par. (10) and redesignated former par. (10) as (11).
                Research 1

                (11) In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held qualified replacement property (within the meaning of section 1042(b)) the acquisition of which resulted under section 1042 in the nonrecognition of any part of the gain realized on the sale of qualified securities (within the meaning of section 1042(b)), there shall be included the period for which such qualified securities had been held by the taxpayer.

                Amended 1962, 1970, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1984, 1998, 2004, 2005
                • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
                • 2004 Pub. L. 108-357 Pub. L. 108–357 redesignated pars. (11) to (17) as (10) to (16), respectively, and struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held trust certificates of a trust to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, or the period for which the taxpayer has held stock in a corporation to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, there shall be included the period for which the trust or corporation (as the case may be) held the stock of foreign investment companies.”
                • 1998 Pub. L. 105-206 Pub. L. 105–206, § 6005(d)(4), substituted “18 months” for “1 year” in subpar. (B) and concluding provisions.
                • 1998 Pub. L. 105-206 Pub. L. 105–206, § 5001(a)(5), substituted “1 year” for “18 months” in subpar. (B) and concluding provisions.
                • 1984 Pub. L. 98-369 Pub. L. 98–369, § 1001(b)(14), (e), substituted “6 months” for “1 year”, applicable to property acquired after June 22, 1984, and before Jan. 1, 1988. See Effective Date of 1984 Amendment note below.
                • 1980 Pub. L. 96-223 Pub. L. 96–223 repealed the amendment made by Pub. L. 95–600. See 1978 Amendment note below.
                • 1978 Pub. L. 95-600 Pub. L. 95–600 inserted reference to determination of basis of property under section 1023. See Repeals note below.
                • 1976 Pub. L. 94-455 Pub. L. 94–455, § 1402(b)(2), provided that “9 months” would be changed to “1 year”.
                • 1976 Pub. L. 94-455 Pub. L. 94–455, § 1402(b)(1)(Q), provided that “6 months” would be changed to “9 months” for taxable years beginning in 1977.
                • 1970 Pub. L. 91-614 Pub. L. 91–614 added par. (11) and redesignated former par. (11) as (12).
                • 1962 Pub. L. 87-834 Pub. L. 87–834 added par. (10) and redesignated former par. (10) as (11).
                Research 1

                (12) In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held property the acquisition of which resulted under section 1043 in the nonrecognition of any part of the gain realized on the sale of other property, there shall be included the period for which such other property had been held as of the date of such sale.

                Amended 1970, 1983, 1984, 1998, 2004, 2005
                • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
                • 2004 Pub. L. 108-357 Pub. L. 108–357 redesignated pars. (11) to (17) as (10) to (16), respectively, and struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held trust certificates of a trust to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, or the period for which the taxpayer has held stock in a corporation to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, there shall be included the period for which the trust or corporation (as the case may be) held the stock of foreign investment companies.”
                • 1998 Pub. L. 105-206 Pub. L. 105–206, § 6005(d)(4), substituted “18 months” for “1 year” in subpar. (B) and concluding provisions.
                • 1998 Pub. L. 105-206 Pub. L. 105–206, § 5001(a)(5), substituted “1 year” for “18 months” in subpar. (B) and concluding provisions.
                • 1984 Pub. L. 98-369 Pub. L. 98–369, § 1001(b)(14), (e), substituted “6 months” for “1 year”, applicable to property acquired after June 22, 1984, and before Jan. 1, 1988. See Effective Date of 1984 Amendment note below.
                • 1983 Pub. L. 97-448 Pub. L. 97–448, § 104(b)(3)(C), added par. (12) and redesignated former par. (12) as (13).
                • 1970 Pub. L. 91-614 Pub. L. 91–614 added par. (11) and redesignated former par. (11) as (12).
                Research 1

                (13) Except for purposes of subsections (a)(2) and (c)(2)(A) of section 1202, in determining the period for which the taxpayer has held property the acquisition of which resulted under section 1045 or 1397B in the nonrecognition of any part of the gain realized on the sale of other property, there shall be included the period for which such other property has been held as of the date of such sale.

                Amended 1983, 1984, 2004, 2005, 2018
                • 2018 Pub. L. 115-141 Pub. L. 115–141 substituted “subsections (a)(2) and (c)(2)(A) of section 1202” for “sections 1202(a)(2), 1202(c)(2)(A), 1400B(b), and 1400F(b)”.
                • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
                • 2004 Pub. L. 108-357 Pub. L. 108–357 redesignated pars. (11) to (17) as (10) to (16), respectively, and struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held trust certificates of a trust to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, or the period for which the taxpayer has held stock in a corporation to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, there shall be included the period for which the trust or corporation (as the case may be) held the stock of foreign investment companies.”
                • 1984 Pub. L. 98-369 Pub. L. 98–369, § 541(b)(1), added par. (13). Former par. (13) redesignated (14).
                • 1983 Pub. L. 97-448 Pub. L. 97–448, § 104(b)(3)(C), added par. (12) and redesignated former par. (12) as (13).
                Research 1
                Cited by 1

                  (14) If the security to which a securities futures contract (as defined in section 1234B) relates (other than a contract to which section 1256 applies) is acquired in satisfaction of such contract, in determining the period for which the taxpayer has held such security, there shall be included the period for which the taxpayer held such contract if such contract was a capital asset in the hands of the taxpayer.

                  Amended 1984, 1988, 1989, 2004, 2005
                  • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
                  • 2004 Pub. L. 108-357 Pub. L. 108–357 redesignated pars. (11) to (17) as (10) to (16), respectively, and struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held trust certificates of a trust to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, or the period for which the taxpayer has held stock in a corporation to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, there shall be included the period for which the trust or corporation (as the case may be) held the stock of foreign investment companies.”
                  • 1989 Pub. L. 101-194 Pub. L. 101–194 added par. (14) and redesignated former par. (14) as (15).
                  • 1988 Pub. L. 100-647 Pub. L. 100–647 amended par. (14) generally, substituting “reference” for “references” in heading, striking out “(A)” before “For special holding”, and striking out subpar. (B) which related to distributions of appreciated property to corporations.
                  • 1984 Pub. L. 98-369 Pub. L. 98–369, § 541(b)(1), redesignated former par. (13) as (14).
                  • 1984 Pub. L. 98-369 Pub. L. 98–369, § 54(c), designated existing cross reference as subpar. (A) and added subpar. (B).
                  Research 1

                  (15) Cross reference.— For special holding period provision relating to certain partnership distributions, see section 735(b).

                  Amended 1989, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2005
                  • 2005 Pub. L. 109-135 Pub. L. 109–135 redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section 1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”
                  • 2004 Pub. L. 108-357 Pub. L. 108–357 redesignated pars. (11) to (17) as (10) to (16), respectively, and struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held trust certificates of a trust to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, or the period for which the taxpayer has held stock in a corporation to which subsection (d) of section 1246 applies, there shall be included the period for which the trust or corporation (as the case may be) held the stock of foreign investment companies.”
                  • 2000 Pub. L. 106-554 Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(7) [title I, § 116(b)(2)], amended par. (15) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (15) read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held property the acquisition of which resulted under section 1045 in the nonrecognition of any part of the gain realized on the sale of other property, there shall be included the period for which such other property has been held as of the date of such sale.”
                  • 1997 Pub. L. 105-34 Pub. L. 105–34, § 313(b)(2), added par. (15) and redesignated former par. (15) as (16).
                  • 1989 Pub. L. 101-194 Pub. L. 101–194 added par. (14) and redesignated former par. (14) as (15).
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